UK cost agency backs melanoma drugs after price cuts

LONDON (Reuters) – Two new drugs for skin cancer have been recommended for use on Britain’s state-run health service after the rival manufacturers – Roche and Bristol-Myers Squibb – agreed to cut their prices.

The move underscores the growing pressure on drug companies to cut deals with austerity-hit European governments in order to prove their expensive new medicines offer value for money.

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) said on Friday it had issued final draft guidance recommending both Roche’s Zelboraf and Bristol‘s Yervoy after the companies offered undisclosed discounts.

NICE, which determines if products should be used by the National Health Service (NHS), had initially rejected both medicines, despite acknowledging that they represented a breakthrough in treating melanoma.

The list price for Zelboraf, which is only suitable for patients with a particular genetic profile, is 52,500 pounds ($ 84,600) for an average treatment span of seven months.

The price of a four-dose course of Yervoy, which is recommended only for people who have received prior chemotherapy, is 75,000 pounds.

($ 1 = 0.6207 British pounds)

(Reporting by Ben Hirschler; Editing by Mark Potter)

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Barclays faces $470m energy fine

1 November 2012 Last updated at 04:12 ET

Barclays has been threatened with fines of $ 470m (£291m) by US regulators to settle accusations it sought to manipulate the California energy markets from 2006-2008.

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has been investigating it, the bank revealed on Wednesday.

Barclays denies the charges. The fine is larger than the one it paid over the Libor rate-rigging scandal.

The bank is also the subject of other regulatory inquiries.

Barclays now has 30 days to contest the fine.

Manipulating prices

The proposed fine is over communications by four traders on Barclays’ West Coast power desk.

The team of four traders – veterans of power firm Mirant, which was fined hundreds of millions of dollars after the California power scandal a decade ago – was said by Ferc to have exchanged messages explaining how they would use certain trades in one market to profit in another.

The traders are alleged to have manipulated power prices to make money with their financial swap positions, causing losses for rival power traders of $ 139m and winning the bank $ 34.9m.

“We believe that our trading was legitimate and in compliance with applicable law,” Barclays spokesman Mark Lane said. “We have co-operated fully with the Ferc investigation, which relates to trading activity that occurred several years ago. We intend to vigorously defend this matter.”

Ferc notified Barclays that it had begun the investigation of Barclays’ Western US power trading on 3 July 2007 – but the bank only informed shareholders on Wednesday.

US authorities are also looking at whether the way that Barclays won business complied with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the other new investigation in a series of scandals that have dented the bank’s reputation.

In June, Barclays was fined £290m by UK and US regulators for attempting to manipulate Libor, an interbank lending rate which affects mortgages and loans.

And in August, the Serious Fraud Office started an investigation into payments between Barclays’ bank and Qatar Holding in 2008, when the bank was raising money in the Middle East during the banking crisis.

The entire financial services industry has come under scrutiny since the financial crisis in 2008.

The industry’s reputation has been battered further by the mis-selling of payment protection insurance (PPI) and of specialist insurance – called interest rate swaps – to small businesses.

BBC News – Business

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Canada will push to keep bank capital rules on schedule

OTTAWA (Reuters) – Canada will urge all countries to stick to the agreed schedule for implementing tougher bank capital rules at a November 4-5 meeting of finance ministers and central bankers from the Group of 20 nations, a senior finance ministry official said on Thursday.

The so-called Basel III rules are the world’s regulatory response to the financial crisis, forcing banks to triple the amount of basic capital they hold in a bid to avoid future taxpayer bailouts.

They were to be phased in from January 2013 but areas such as the United States and the European Union are not yet ready and U.S. and British supervisors have criticized them as too complex to work.

The Canadian official, who briefed reports ahead of the meeting on condition that he not be named, said it was imperative that the rules, the timelines and the principles behind them be respected and said Finance Minister Jim Flaherty would make that view known to his G20 colleagues.

Canada sees the European debt crisis as the biggest near-term risk to the global economy, and it also expects the U.S. debt crisis to be top of mind at the talks, the official said.

But the meeting takes place just before the U.S. presidential election and U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner will be absent, so it remains unclear how much the G20 can pressure Washington on that front.

Some other countries have also scaled back their delegations, raising doubts about how meaningful the meeting will be.

The official dismissed that argument, saying high-level officials substituting for their ministers allowed for extremely important issues to be addressed anyway.

He said holding each country around the table accountable to its past commitments helped keep the momentum going toward resolving global economic problems.

(Reporting by Louise Egan; Writing by David Ljunggren; Editing by M.D. Golan)

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Pentagon sees further use of BlackBerry as door opens to others

WASHINGTON (Reuters) – The Pentagon on Wednesday said it would continue to support “large numbers” of BlackBerry phones made by Research in Motion Ltd even as it moves forward with plans that would allow the U.S. military to begin using Apple Inc‘s iPhone and other devices.

The U.S. Defense Department last week invited companies to submit bids for software that can monitor, manage and enforce security requirements for devices made by Apple and Google Inc, with an eye to awarding a contract in April.

The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) quietly posted its request for proposals on a federal website on October 22, the same day that the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency said it would end its contract with RIM in favor of Apple’s iPhone.

Losing some of its Pentagon business to other providers could deal another blow to RIM, which once commanded the lead in the smartphone market but has rapidly lost ground to Apple and Samsung’s line of products as customers abandon its aging BlackBerry devices.

For many years, the Pentagon relied solely on BlackBerry phones because RIM met its tough security requirements, but other companies have been improving security on their devices, and a growing number of military commanders are clamoring for rival devices with bigger touch screens and faster browsers.

A Pentagon spokesman said the U.S. military was working toward allowing vendors to supply other smartphones, while maintaining strict security requirements.

He said the department aimed to use commercial mobile technologies as it stepped up the use of “new and innovative applications” to support the military’s evolving requirements.

But the Pentagon also stressed it was not moving away from its use of BlackBerry phones.

“DISA is managing an enterprise email capability that continues to support large numbers of RIM devices while moving forward with the department’s planned mobile management capability that will support a variety of mobility devices,” the spokesman said.

The DISA request for proposals said the software would manage at least 162,500 devices to start, but that number could grow to 262,500 by the end of the contract, which will have a one-year base and four six-month options.

Ultimately, the Pentagon wants the software to support a total of 8 million devices, according to the document.

RIM spokesman Paul Lucier said his company’s BlackBerry Mobile Fusion product could also be used to manage Android and Apple devices, and RIM was “excited for the opportunity to include BlackBerry Mobile Fusion in the DOD’s portfolio.”

Lucier said the product could enable the Pentagon to “support a growing number of mobile devices across multiple platforms.”

Waterloo, Ontario-based RIM is also planning to introduce new smartphones that will run on the BlackBerry 10 operating system, offering a faster and smoother user interface and a better platform for various smartphone applications.

(Reporting By Andrea Shalal-Esa; Editing by Tim Dobbyn)

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Disney unlikely to change ‘Star Wars’ brand

LOS ANGELES (AP) — Naysayers would have you believe Disney‘s purchase of Lucasfilm can only mean one thing: Bambi and Mickey Mouse are sure to appear in future “Star Wars” movies taking up lightsabers against the dark side of the Force.

Not so, say experts who’ve watched Disney’s recent acquisition strategy closely. If anything, The Walt Disney Co. has earned credibility with diehard fans by keeping its fingerprints off important film franchises like those produced by its Marvel Entertainment and Pixar divisions.

“They’ve been pretty clearly hands-off in terms of letting the creative minds of those companies do what they do best,” says Todd Juenger, an analyst with Bernstein Research. “Universally, people think they pulled it off.”

Though the Walt Disney Co. built its reputation on squeaky clean family entertainment, its brand today is multifaceted. Disney, of course, started as an animation studio in 1923 with characters such as Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Steamboat Willie and Mickey Mouse. Over the years, the company ventured into live action movies, opened theme parks, launched a fleet of cruise ships and debuted shows on TV.

By way of acquisitions over the last few decades, it has ballooned into a company with $ 40.9 billion in annual revenue and a market value of $ 88 billion. Disney bought Capital Cities/ABC in 1995 for $ 19 billion, Pixar for $ 7.4 billion in 2006, Marvel for $ 4.2 billion in 2009 and this week, it said it will purchase Lucasfilm and the “Star Wars” franchise for $ 4.05 billion.

Disney’s acquisition of Marvel Entertainment in 2009 offers the best example of how it might treat Lucasfilm and the “Star Wars” universe.

Marvel was in the midst of a storyline that would span several films following the smash hit success of its first self-produced movie, “Iron Man,” in 2008. When Disney bought it a year later, it continued reading from the comic book giant’s playbook, releasing in subsequent years “Iron Man 2,” ”Thor,” ”Captain America” and then this year, “The Avengers,” which brought heroes from those movies together in one giant film that grossed $ 1.5 billion at the box office.

Now, “Avengers” director Joss Whedon is working on the sequel and developing a Marvel-based TV series for Disney-owned ABC.

Rick Marshall, a journalist and blogger who writes about the comic book and movie industries, was skeptical when Disney bought Marvel. But his doubts quickly melted when it was clear Disney wouldn’t taint the Marvel universe by getting too involved.

“I was the first one to say there’s going to be a Goofy-Wolverine crossover,” Marshall said. “We haven’t seen that… Disney was able to step away.”

Recent history ought to assuage “Star Wars” fans who fear the Disney empire. But that hasn’t stopped many of them from posting an array of video and pictorial mash-ups and jokes online as they poke fun at their darkest fears: Luke Skywalker staring into the distance at a mouse-eared sun and Darth Vader telling Donald Duck that he’s his father.

What Disney did with Marvel was merely amplify its presence in theme parks, stores and theaters, observers say.

Disney’s formula for success with Marvel was not to tamper with storylines, but to bring the existing franchise under its corporate umbrella.

Before it was acquired, Marvel paid Paramount Pictures a percentage of movie ticket sales to advertise its movies, make film prints and get them into theaters. Disney has those capabilities, so now that money doesn’t go out the door. Disney also has a worldwide network of staff that help put Marvel toys on store shelves, expanding their reach and saving the money that Marvel used to pay third-party merchandise middlemen.

Owning Marvel also gives Disney a steady flow of super hero cartoons for its pay TV channel, Disney XD. These kind of logistical savings allow Disney to profit from ownership while not interfering in the creative process.

“Marvel does seem like it’s running pretty independently and staying pretty close to its roots,” said Janney Capital Markets analyst Tony Wible.

Disney’s recent acquisitions have also filled gaps in its creative portfolio. CEO Bob Iger has said the company’s $ 7.4 billion purchase of Pixar in 2006 was partly an investment in talent and a way to “grow and improve Disney animation.” The deal brought John Lasseter, a former Disneyland employee, back into the fold as its chief creative officer of both Disney and Pixar’s animation studios.

The purchase of Marvel helped Disney add characters that would resonate with boys at a time when the company was becoming known more for princesses, fairies and its fictional teenage rock star Hannah Montana.

The “Star Wars” franchise fills a hole in Disney’s live-action portfolio, which suffered an embarrassing $ 200 million loss on the sci-fi flick “John Carter” earlier this year. The box-office bomb caused an executive shuffle at the studio that brought in former Warner Bros. president Alan Horn, who oversaw the hugely successful runs of “Harry Potter” and “The Dark Knight” movies.

It’s in Disney’s best interest to maintain the integrity of film franchises that come with a built-in fan base. Disney chief Iger has said the plan is for “Star Wars” live-action movies to replace others that may be in development, and to keep its production slate at a modest 7 to 10 movies per year.

“I think Disney’s intention is that it just doesn’t want to get in the way of a great asset,” said Morningstar analyst Michael Corty.

In a conference call explaining the acquisition, Iger told analysts that “Disney respects and understands, probably better than just about anyone else, the importance of iconic characters and what it takes to protect and leverage them effectively.”

When “Star Wars Episode 7″ hits theaters in 2015, millions of fans will surely hold Iger to his word.

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Sanofi draws fire over cost of MS drug Lemtrada

PARIS (Reuters) – Medical journal The Lancet warned that Sanofi‘s experimental multiple sclerosis drug Lemtrada may be too costly for patients and health insurers once it gets approved by regulators.

The journal, which published the encouraging results of two late-stage Lemtrada tests on Thursday, also criticized the drugmaker’s decision to withdraw leukemia therapy Campath, the same drug given at a different dosage, depriving MS patients who had been using it off-label.

In an editorial accompanying the test results, The Lancet voiced concerns that Lemtrada would be priced higher than current MS drugs on the market and said the discontinuation of Campath may mean patients who had used it for MS would not be able to continue their treatment.

The injectable drug, chemically known as alemtuzumab, was sold until September 2012 under the name Campath as treatment for leukemia and given more frequently at a higher dosage.

“There is concern that with a license for multiple sclerosis, the cost of alemtuzumab could rise and might become too expensive for many patients and health systems,” the editorial said.

Although Campath remains available free of charge to leukemia patients, Sanofi’s rare disease unit Genzyme pulled it off the market in September to prevent its unauthorized use as an MS drug.

Analysts said the move would allow the company to adjust the price to match that of rival MS drugs on the market.

A full course of Campath, which in 2011 had sales of $ 76 million, cost around $ 60,000 when given three times a week for up to 12 weeks, according to Genzyme.

Lemtrada, instead, is given at less than half the dose of Campath for 5 consecutive days and then again for 3 days a year later. Since the drug has yet to be approved, it remains unclear how much Sanofi will charge for it.

The drug, which works by resetting a person’s immune system, has shown in late-stage trials to be an effective treatment for MS patients who have failed to respond to other therapies.

It has also shown to benefit people not previously treated for the disease, suggesting it could be used as a first-line MS therapy.

But patients need regular monitoring for serious side effects that can include infections and autoimmune diseases.

“It’s important that the appropriate safety monitoring is in place for patients who are prescribed Lemtrada,” Genzyme’s head of MS, Bill Sibold, told Reuters, responding to questions about the Lancet editorial. “Until an approved risk-management program is established, we believe the use of Lemtrada should only occur in clinical trials.”

Lemtrada remains available to patients who are taking part in clinical tests.

Sibold declined to discuss pricing plans for Lemtrada, but said Genzyme has set up programs to make its approved drugs available to patients who cannot afford them. “With Lemtrada it would be no different,” he said.

DRUG FUNDING

But there are concerns that cash-strapped European governments may balk at funding the drug through their public healthcare systems.

Doug Brown, Head of Biomedical Research at U.K. charity MS Society said that while Lemtrada’s results are great news for patients, the drug would only be useful to them if it were available through the country’s publicly funded National Health Service.

“We urge Genzyme to price the treatment responsibly so that if it’s licensed, it’s deemed cost effective on the NHS,” he said.

The U.K.’s cost-effectiveness body National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), whose opinions are also watched closely in other countries, initially rejected Novartis’ MS pill Gilenya, only to make a U-turn after the company agreed to a discounted price.

Sanofi launched its MS pill Aubagio in the U.S. at a price of $ 45,000 for a year’s treatment, making it cheaper than rivals.

Gilenya – the only other MS pill currently on the market – costs 28 percent more, while injectable treatments such as Biogen Idec Inc’s Avonex and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd’s Copaxone are 8 and 6.5 percent higher respectively.

(Reporting by Elena Berton; Editing by Tim Dobbyn)

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How Truth and Lies Spread on Twitter

Hurricane Sandy was a huge moment for New York City. It was also a huge moment for how we think about social media.

For many in the superstorm’s path up the Eastern seaboard, social networks quickly became an essential source of information from news organizations, civic organizations, and friends and family. As power went out in lower Manhattan on Monday evening, many residents turned to Twitter and Facebook on their smartphones to learn exactly how the hurricane was impacting their neighborhoods. CBS estimates three and a half million tweets with the hashtag #Sandy during the height of the storm; popular photo-sharing service Instagram saw 10 photos of Hurricane Sandy uploaded per second.

As my colleague Susan Berfield notes, social media’s role in distributing information reflects a growing trend in news consumption: according to the Pew Research Center’s State of the Media 2012 report, 36 percent of people who use Twitter for news said most of the links they follow come from friends and family, while 27 percent say most come from news organizations, and 18 percent mostly follow links from other organizations such as think tanks.

As vital information flooded Twitter and Facebook, misinformation soon bubbled to the top. Shashank Tripathi, a hedge fund analyst and the campaign manager of Christopher R. Wight, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House or Representatives from New York’s 12th Congressional District, pushed rumors on Twitter under the pseudonym @ComfortablySmug that the New York Stock Exchange floor was under three feet of water, a rumor that spread to CNN before an exchange official debunked his claim. Fake photos of scuba divers in the New York subways and enormous storm systems over Manhattan ricocheted across social networks at lightning speed. The entire media ecosystem became embroiled in a perpetual game of “Two Truths and a Lie.”

Twitter proved effective not just as a newswire, but as a medium for distributed fact-checking. As quickly as the falsehoods emerged, journalists and city officials moved to swat them down. BuzzFeeds Jack Steuf quickly revealed the identity of @ComfortablySmug, who issued a public apology Tuesday night. The Atlantic‘s Alexis Madrigal, aided by Atlantic social media editor Chris Heller and MSN international editor Tom Phillips—who runs a microsite ‘Is Twitter Wrong?‘ devoted to debunking rumors on social media—verified the stunning images floating across the Internet. Even the New York Post reported that Mayor Michael Bloomberg planned on barring passenger cars from entering Manhattan, only to be quickly rebuked by press secretary Marc La Vorgna.

After the storm passed, BuzzFeed’s John Herrman argued that Hurricane Sandy established Twitter is a truth machine that, under the right circumstances, systematically vets and destroys rumors as quickly as it propagates them. “Initial misinformation has consequences, and a consensus correction on Twitter won’t stop any number of these rumors from going viral on Facebook,” Herrman writes. “There, your claims are checked by your friends; on Twitter, if they spread, they’re open to direct scrutiny from people who might actually know the truth.” In the echo chamber of social media, truth is louder than fiction.

No matter what, no decentralized network like Twitter or Facebook will be totally free from misinformation, says Jeff Jarvis, associate professor at City University of New York’s Graduate School of Journalism and author of Public Parts: How Sharing in the Digital Age Improves the Way We Work and Live.  But, he adds, “The lie can spread fast, but the truth can spread faster, too.” He provides his own experience with Hurricane Sandy as an example. “As I scroll down in reverse order on Twitter, I see correction after correction. I see 10 times as many corrections as erroneous reports. And the time between them is amazingly small.”

In terms of daily news consumption, a fraction of the U.S. uses Twitter, but everyone talks to their siblings, their parents, their coworkers, their friends. Text messaging, email, and ‘dark social’ networks spread misinformation just as quickly, and to more people. This is a potential problem with Twitter as a medium for truth and lies: what happens on Twitter doesn’t stay on Twitter. If we’re to continue the favored epidemiology metaphor of the Internet-employed, information that goes viral can become airborne: it leaves the Twitter network, where the journalists and reporters and ‘influentials’ who can quickly propagate corrections can’t reach.

I experienced this first-hand during Hurricane Sandy. after retweeting a message warning about muggers in Williamsburg dressed as ConEd workers as an experiment, I received two skeptical responses checking the claim within 15 minutes, both from people who work in the media industry and spend a significant amount of time on Twitter. Within an hour, I received a mass text message from friends of mine who aren’t completely plugged into the social web with the same warning: “I just read a news alert of two seperate reports of people posing as coned workers, knocking on people’s door and robbing them at gunpoint in williamsburg. I just want to pass along the info. Stay safe and maybe don’t answer your door.” Two other friends responded with thanks.

“I know a lot of people, especially on Facebook, who end up believing whatever they see first,” says Kate Gardiner, a social media journalist. “It’s almost impossible to track something back to its point of origin there.”

While the space for distributed fact-checking offered by Twitter and Facebook may not be perfect, it’s a vast improvement over the rumor mills and slow debunking of the past, says Jarvis. “Look, my dear beloved father sends out these emails that have been forwarded 87 times, and my sister, who isn’t a tech saavy person at all, goes to Snopes and says ‘Dad, not true.’ We all have fathers and uncles who send this crap around, but there’s a mechanism now to go out and debunk these things that we haven’t had before. I think it’s an improvement, and looking at the one-in-a-billion lies misses the point.”

Keller is director of social media for Bloomberg News and Bloomberg Businessweek.

Businessweek.com — Top News

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Founding Father featured in popular new video game

McLEAN, Va. (AP) — Wars and video games seem to go together like peanut butter and jelly. But those games usually involve tanks and machine guns and Tet offensives; not horses, bayonets and Bunker Hill.

Now, though, one of the biggest game releases of the upcoming holiday season is immersing players in the Revolutionary War, with key cameos from George Washington, Ben Franklin and other Founding Fathers.

Assassin’s Creed III is due for release Tuesday, immersing players in Colonial America and the Revolutionary War.

In some ways, the game is meticulous with historical accuracy. Great attention was paid to research to recreate the cities of New York and Boston on a one-third scale. History professors were brought in as consultants.

In other ways, the game takes liberties with history. It integrates the Revolutionary War into the overarching story of Assassin’s Creed, in which the secret society of the Knights Templar fills the role as the game’s overarching villain.

Game creators were reluctant to reveal too many details in advance of the game’s release. Review copies were not available in advance.

The game’s creative director, Alex Hutchinson, said the ability to explore a historical era that has been largely left untouched by the gaming world was one of the most exciting aspects of the project.

As for Washington himself, Hutchinson said he wanted the game to portray the fact that for the man who would become the nation’s first president, it was far from certain that America would win the war.

“He wasn’t sure he was going to win,” Hutchinson said. “When you read their letters, they were very uncertain for much of their time” how the war would turn out.

Francois Furstenberg, a history professor at the University of Montreal, who has written about the iconography that surrounds Washington, served as a consultant and said he was interested less in making sure names and dates were perfect, but more in the game’s overarching narrative. He said the game’s creators shared his desire to depict the war in a nuanced way that avoided portraying one side as the good guys and vice versa.

“Anything that complicates the narrative is a good thing,” he said. “If anything I think they were more interested in sort of a muckraking account” of the revolution, something that agreed with Furstenberg.

The game’s protagonist — Connor, half American Indian, Half British and not aligned with either side — served as a good vehicle for exploring the era in a way that avoids patriotic cliches, Hutchinson said.

The game’s international fan base also demands an even-handed approach to the Revolution, said Hutchinson, who is frequently questioned by skeptical fans who worry the game will be too pro-American.

Not to worry, said Hutchinson, who jokes that he’s an Australian living in Canada making a game about the American Revolution for a French software company.

Even where it sought to be realistic, the game’s creators took a few liberties. Washington, for instance, is first introduced as a young officer serving under General Braddock in the French and Indian war. The game makers took great care to show the youthful Washington accurately, as a redhead. Looking at the finished product, though, they felt they ought to add a touch of gray to Washington‘s hair, to more closely match the iconic image of Washington held by the public.

“We did not know how odd it is to see a red-headed George Washington,” Hutchinson said. “It was one of those instances where the fiction felt more right than the real version.”

Ubisoft takes far greater liberties in a downloadable add-on game that will be available to Assassin’s Creed players a few months after the games release. In “The Tyranny of King Washington,” players confront a scenario where Washington, rather than yielding power to civil authority, parlays his power and popularity and establishes himself as a new monarch.

At George Washington‘s Mount Vernon estate, curators are happy that the game will introduce so many kids to Washington and the Founding Fathers and hopefully get them thinking about history.

“I would love for people to focus on exactly the incredible choice Washington made to relinquish power,” said Carol Cadou, senior curator at Mount Vernon, even if the vehicle for prompting that discussion is a game that contorts and creates an alternate reality.

Historical figures certainly make appearances in some video games, but rarely from historical eras and rarely in a setting devoted to realism. The popular game “Call of Duty: Black Ops,” for instance, features John F. Kennedy, Fidel Castro, Richard Nixon and former Defense Secretary Robert McNamara. But in the game, the four of them team up to defeat an onslaught of zombies at the Pentagon.

Cadou says that Washington has so often been portrayed so heroically that he becomes unrelatable.

“Washington is almost so good he becomes bland,” she said. “Even if he’s depicted in a negative way, it gives us an opportunity to explore” his life that otherwise wouldn’t exist.

The Mount Vernon estate has focused in recent years on piercing the stodgy image of Washington on the dollar bill and sought to emphasize his military daring and action-hero aspects of his life story.

Mount Vernon even looked at producing its own educational video game featuring Washington, but ultimately concluded that such a game would be “a little more violent than we had the appetite for.”

Gaming News Headlines – Yahoo! News

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NBC sets premiere dates for “1600 Penn,” Eva Longoria series

LOS ANGELES, Oct 30 (TheWrap.com) – NBC announced midseason premiere dates Tuesday for three new series, including the Bill Pullman presidential comedy “1600 Penn” and the new Eva Longoria relationship series “Ready for Love.”

The network also announced the premiere date for the drama “Deception,” which was formerly known as “Infamous.”

In addition to the series premieres, the network announced return dates for several shows, including the on-the-bubble comedy “Community,” which will return to its previous Thursday night timeslot.

“Deception,” a dark family mystery starring Meagan Good and Victor Garber, premieres on Monday, January 7 at 10 p.m. It will follow “The Biggest Loser,” which starts its new season with a two-night premiere on January 6 and 7.

“1600 Penn,” starring Bill Pullman as the president in a comedy about the First Family, premieres Thursday, January 10 at 9:30. The series, which also stars Jenna Elfman and Josh Gad, was co-created by “Modern Family” director Jason Winer. It will join a slightly altered Thursday lineup.

“Parks and Recreation” moves to 8:30 on January 17, and “Community,” returns to 8 p.m. on February 7.

“Ready for Love,” a reality show executive produced by former “Desperate Housewives” star Eva Longoria, will premiere Sunday, March 31 at 8 p.m.

(Editing By Zorianna Kit)

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¿Las demandas por los efectos adversos de Neurontin aumentan el gasto en salud?

NUEVA YORK (Reuters Health) – En el 2004, el laboratorio

Pfizer aceptó declararse culpable y pagar más de 430 millones de

dólares por la acusación de haber comercializado el

antiepiléptico Neurontin ilegalmente para usos no aprobados.

Ahora, un estudio publicado en Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

cuestiona si el juicio terminó aumentando el gasto en otros

antiepilépticos en lugar de reducir los usos sin aprobación.

Los médicos pueden recetar fármacos con usos no autorizados

por las autoridades regulatorias de Estados Unidos, pero la

industria tiene prohibido comercializarlos con esos fines.

“En los últimos años hubo juicios importantes para penalizar

a las empresas farmacéuticas por la promoción ilegal de usos no

aprobados”, dijo Meredith Chace, investigadora especializada en

políticas farmacéuticas de la Facultad de Medicina de Harvard,

Boston. “Sospechábamos que eso podía tener consecuencias no

intencionales.”

Con su equipo analizó información del período 2001-2005 de

los seguros de salud federales Medicare y Medicaid. Se

concentraron en el tratamiento del trastorno bipolar, uno de los

distintos usos sin aprobar de Neurontin (gabapentina).

Desde la primera noticia publicada sobre el juicio en marzo

del 2002, la participación de Neurontin en el mercado de los

antiepilépticos que se utilizan para tratar el trastorno bipolar

se redujo del 21 al 15 por ciento.

En tanto, se disparó o siguió creciendo ese uso sin

aprobación de otros cuatro fármacos (uno de ellos aprobado más

adelante). Hasta el gasto en Neurontin aumentó, a pesar de que

se redujo su indicación.

“Desafortunadamente, el estudio sugiere que los médicos

siguieron indicando medicamentos sin efectividad probada para el

tratamiento del trastorno bipolar”, dijo el doctor Daniel

Carlat, psiquiatra y director del Proyecto Pew de Indicaciones

Médicas, que promueve políticas para limitar las relaciones

entre los médicos y la industria que afecten la atención de los

pacientes.

¿NO TAN DAÑINO COMO SE ESPERABA?

El nuevo estudio detalla que en el 2000, dos años antes de

que se conocieran las noticias sobre el juicio, las ventas de

Neurontin eran de casi 1.000 millones de dólares, principalmente

por sus usos no autorizados. Chace opinó que la cobertura

negativa de los medios influyó en parte en la caída de las

ventas de Neurontin y que es posible que el fabricante

aumentara los precios para anticiparse.

El equipo estima que el gasto gubernamental en

antiepilépticos para el tratamiento del trastorno bipolar

aumentó en más de 200 millones de dólares después del juicio,

sin incluir los potenciales cambios de indicaciones del mismo

producto para otras enfermedades, como la migraña, el síndrome

de piernas inquietas y distintos trastornos asociados con el

dolor.

“Las consecuencias no esperadas incluyen la sustitución de

otros productos similares y un aumento del gasto general”, dijo

Chace a Reuters Health.

Agregó que los ensayos clínicos habían demostrado que

Neurontin no es efectivo para el tratamiento del trastorno

bipolar, aunque con algunas excepciones.

Una limitación del estudio es no haber incluido información

sobre la inversión de la industria en la comercialización de sus

productos. Además, el cargo de Carlat está parcialmente

financiado con un subsidio que surgió del arreglo comercial de

la demanda contra Pfizer.

“Se desconoce si el juicio fue la causa del aumento de la

indicación de antiepilépticos y, por lo tanto, del gasto en

salud -dijo Carlat por e-mail-. El estudio no controló los

efectos de otros factores en las decisiones médicas, como la

estrategia de comercialización de otros productores de

antiepilépticos y la información científica de la efectividad de

otros fármacos.”

El doctor Randall S. Stafford, que no participó del estudio,

opinó sobre la posibilidad de que el juicio “no haya dañado a

Pfizer tanto como se esperaba”. Dijo por e-mail que “se estaba

venciendo la patente de Neurontin y el juicio sólo aceleró el

cambio deseado al uso sin aprobar de Lyrica”, un antiepiléptico

(pregabalina) que aún conserva su patente y fue motivo de otro

juicio similar contra Pfizer, que aceptó un convenio por 2.300

millones de dólares en el 2009.

Pfizer no realizó comentarios sobre resultados asociados “con

un acuerdo de hace una década”.

Chace consideró que las autoridades deberían trabajar con las

asociaciones médicas para informar a los profesionales sobre

estas crisis para que actúen adecuadamente.

FUENTE: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, online 16 de octubre

del 2012

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